Erosion’s Impact on Sites

Erosion poses a significant threat to the preservation of archaeological sites on St. Martin, particularly those located along the coast and in other vulnerable areas.

The island’s dynamic landscape, shaped by both natural processes and human activity, has led to the gradual degradation of many important archaeological sites, complicating efforts to study and preserve St. Martin’s pre-Columbian history. During the archaeological reconnaissance conducted by M.P. Sypkens Smit and A.H. Versteeg between 1979 and 1981, it was observed that sites such as Baie Rouge and Cupecoy Bay were already showing signs of erosion.

The coastal location of these sites makes them particularly susceptible to the effects of rising sea levels, storm surges, and ongoing coastal erosion. This has resulted in the loss of valuable archaeological evidence, including artifacts and structural remains.

Inland sites are not immune to erosion either. At locations like Mount Maude, where petroglyphs have been found, the combination of wind, rain, and human activity has contributed to the gradual wearing away of rock surfaces, threatening the integrity of these ancient carvings.

Erosion not only endangers the physical preservation of archaeological sites but also impacts the stratigraphy, making it difficult for archaeologists to accurately date and interpret findings. As a result, there is an urgent need for conservation efforts to protect these sites from further damage.

Addressing the impact of erosion is essential for safeguarding St. Martin’s archaeological heritage, ensuring that future generations can continue to study and appreciate the island’s rich history.

References: Sypkens Smit, M.P., Versteeg, A.H. (1982). An Archaeological Reconnaissance of St. Martin. Wagenaar Hummelinck, P. (1979). Geology and Environment of the Lesser Antilles.